Lupine Publishers Current Trends in Gastroenterology and Hepatology

  Abstract Aim : To determine the aetiologies of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) in a setting highly endemic for hepatitis B and to describe actual clinical practices in a resource-limited setting. Patients and methods: This study was conducted in two parts. The first part was retrospective from January 1st 2010, to December 31st 2019 on the epidemiological profile of UGIB and the second was a prospective study from December 1st 2017 to May 31st 2018 to evaluate, in a blinded experiment, the actual clinical practices in front of an acute UGIB at the emergency units in Yaounde (Cameroon), and included: recognizing UGIB, assessing for severity, taking emergency measures and prescribing emergency Eosogastroduodenal endoscopy (EGDE). Results : During the retrospective period, 506 patients (prevalence of acute UGIB in the services 5.6%) were included of which 71.3% were men (sex ratio 2.5). The mean age was 49.9 +/- 8 years. Haematemesis was inaugural in 35...

  Abstract Background : Metabolic bone disorders are frequent in patients with cirrhosis. These two conditions are usually misdiagnosed in Sub-Saharan Africa before the onset of complications. A full evaluation of metabolic bone disorders in patients with liver cirrhosis is difficult in our milieu and osteodensitometry is rarely available. In this preliminary study, we sought to determine the necessity of a cost-effective method, the Nordin’s Index, in the evaluation of osteoporosis in patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods : This was a prospective cross-sectional study from January to May 2017 in Yaoundé. We compared the data of 19 patients (15 men, 4 women) with post viral liver cirrhosis and 17 controls (13 men, 4 women) paired with age, gender and body mass index (BMI). Data collected included vitamin D levels, serum and urine concentrations of calcium and phosphorus, Nordin’s Index and results of the bone mineral density using an x-ray absorptiometry sc...

  Abstract Introduction: A case presented to the public demonstrates the possibility of treatment with Sirolimus in a patient with progressive multifocal liver Focal Nodular Hyperplasia (FNH) with progressive growth and a tendency to formation of liver function insufficiency after splenorenal shunt for portal hypertension. Material and Methods: Patient E. 08.03.2001 year of birth c Diagnosed with multifocal bilobar nodular liver hyperplasia after splenorenal bypass surgery for portal hypertension, established in 2018/ Sirolimus treatment was prescribed from 06.22.18 to the present. Conclusion: As a result of the treatment with Sirolimus, a normalization of the level of liver enzymes, bilirubin in the blood is noted. According to radiation methods, a reduction in liver size and FNH size is up to 30%. Read more about this article: https://lupinepublishers.com/gastroenterology-hepatology-journal/fulltext/case-of-application-of-syrolimus-in-a-patient-with-progres...

  Abstract Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is described as exposition of multiplex liver metabolic disturbance interconnected with obesity. NAFLD is depicted by steatosis, excessive accumulation of fats in liver, due to triglycerides export and oxidation of fatty acid from plasma and de novo synthesis. Hepatic steatosis can therefore be explained as biochemical outcome of inconsistency between interfused mechanisms of lipid biotransformation. This condition is allied to a range of various modifications in lipoproteins, fatty acids, and glucose metabolisms in organism. So, above metabolic disfunctions are suspected to be the origin of possibility for adverse cardiometabolic risk agents related to NAFLD, like dyslipidemia, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and insulin resistance. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation participates as known inducer of inflammation and oxidative stress, that exacerbate this disease. These disorders are hallmarks that worsen ...

Lupine Publishers | Current Trends in Gastroenterology and Hepatology Abstract Over the past several decades, great progress has been made on understanding mechanisms of gastric acid secretion for developing new anti-acid drugs. Until now most commonly used anti-acid drugs are histamine-2 receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) for patients to control acid related disease. However, several clinical limitations of these drugs had been reported. Recently, a new generation of potassium-competitive acid blockers (P-CABs) were launched for clinical use. It has been shown that these new drugs are more convenient and powerful to treat gastric acid-related diseases. In this article, we briefly reviewed the clinical use of this new anti-acid drug P-CAB. Keywords: Potassium-competitive Acid Blocker; Potassium channel; H+/K+-ATPase Introduction H+/K+-ATPase (or proton pump), which is expressed in gastric parietal cells, is one of the...

Lupine Publishers |Current Trends in Gastroenterology and Hepatology Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common liver malignancy worldwide and is one of the major causes of cancerrelated deaths. HCC is reported to be the second most fatal malignancy. The major risk factors for HCC are well known; the known risk factors include hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV). Major advances have been reported in the treatment of HCC. Success of early diagnosis increases when these risk factors are identified, and the cases are followed up. It is reported that in the treatment of early-diagnosed HCC cases, ethanol injection or radiofrequency ablation methods as well as surgical resection should be preferred, particularly in cases without liver cirrhosis and in cases where the tumor is restricted. Similarly, liver transplantation may be an option for patients that meet specific criteria. Keywords: Hepatocellular Carcinoma; Liver Carcinoma; ...

Lupine Publishers | Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Abstract Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is nowadays the procedure of choice for cholecystitis. The intraoperative finding can make this procedure quite tricky such as dense adhesions at calot’s triangle, fibrotic and contracted gallbladder, acutely inflamed or gangrenous gallbladder, cholcystoenteric fistula, etc. There are also risk factors which make laparoscopic surgery difficult like old age, male sex, obesity, previous abdominal surgery, thickened gallbladder wall, distended gallbladder, pericholecystic fluid collection, impacted stone, etc. Methods: This is a one cohort retrospective review of patients admitted to the hospital with acute cholecystitis who during LC were converted to intraoperative cholecystostomy tube placement (CCT) or to open cholecystectomy (OC). Preoperative risk factors to predict difficult cholecystectomy were evaluated. Results: Medical records were reviewed retro...

Over View of Gastro Intestinal Diseases in UAE by Makki H Fayadh in C urrent Trends in Gastroenterology and Hepatology - Lupine Publishers Short Communication One fifth of the population in UAE suffers from gastrointestinal diseases including obesity, reflux disease and fatty liver because of obesity, poor diets and close marriage, Acid reflux, ulcerative colitis and irritable bowel syndrome are increasing in recent years [1-3]. There are also a high number of sufferers of fatty liver, caused to a large extent by the excessive consumption of sugary drinks. Obesity is an issue that can affect the UAE’s development as a nation and needs to be managed immediately and effectively, vague discomfort is usually the only symptom of a fatty liver. Low fiber diets, lack of exercise and consuming large amounts of food and dairy products are responsible for the majority. Genetics combined with obesity are responsible for people suffering from many disorders. A case of fatty liver,...

The Burgeoning Role of the Gastrointestinal Microbiota by Martin Floch in Current Trends in Gastroenterologyand Hepatology in Lupine Publishers. With the release of the landmark publication containing the information that there were more microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract than any other cells [1] the scienti􀏐ic community began to look at the functional role of these organisms. We edited a book on “The Microbiota in Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology; with emphasis on probiotics, prebiotics, and dysbiosis” [2] The book was published in 2018 but since that time a great deal of new information and manuscripts have appeared. Particularly in the area of probiotics and supplements containing probiotics or prebiotics so that organizations are now sponsoring national and international meetings on the subject. https://lupinepublishers.com/gastroenterology-hepatology-journal/fulltext/the-burgeoning-role-of-the-gastrointestinal-microbiota.ID.000125.php   http...